Title: ICND1 / 1. Operation of IP Data Networks

Q: ____________ is a function that prevents network congestion. It does so by ensuring that the transmitting device does not flood the receiving device with data. The following statements are true regarding ____________:
Controls the amount of data which the sender can send to the receiver.
Uses buffering, transmitting source-quench messages, and windowing to handle network congestion.
Determines the rate at which the data is transmitted between the sender and receiver.
Types of ____________ include windowing, buffering, and congestion avoidance.
A: Flow control

Q: Flow control generally operates at the _______________ in the OSI model. The Transport layer is responsible for error-free and sequential delivery of data. This layer is used to manage data transmission between devices.
A: Transport layer

Q: The _________ layer is responsible for error-free and sequential delivery of data. This layer is used to manage data transmission between devices.
A: Transport

Q: _____________ messages are used by the devices that receive the data to avoid buffer overflow.
A: Source-quench

Q: _________ is a scheme in which an acknowledgement is required by the source device from the destination after the transmission of a fixed number of packets.
A: Windowing

Q: The ______ keyword in the show cdp neighbor command also displays IP address information for the directly connected devices.
A: detail

Q: The _______ Layer provides the mechanism for opening, closing and managing a session between end-user application processes
A: Session

Q: CDP is a Layer _ protocol.
A: 2

Q: The _____________ command can only be used on serial interfaces, not Ethernet interfaces. It allows a serial interface to use an address that is already applied to an Ethernet interface.
A: ip unnumbered

Q: A _________________ is a combination of voice, video, and data traffic. Network convergence is a migration from maintaining multiple service-specific networks, namely data voice and video, to a single IP-based network. All services are delivered on the same network, reducing infrastructure costs. Despite the benefits that a _________________ provides, it is highly susceptible to network delays, especially for real-time traffic.
A: converged network

Q: The _______________ command displays traffic information between network devices collected by the CDP, as in the following example:
Birmingham# _______________
Total packets output: 652, Input: 214
Hdr syntax: 0, Chksum error: 0, Encaps failed: 0
No memory: 0, Invalid: 0, Fragmented: 0
CDP version 1 advertisements output: 269, Input: 50
CDP version 2 advertisements output: 360, Input: 25
A: show cdp traffic

Q: The ________ command is used to view the global CDP information. It lists the default update and holdtime timers, as in the following sample output:
Atlanta# ________
Global CDP information:
Sending CDP packets every 60 seconds
Sending a holdtime value of 180 seconds
Sending CDPv2 advertisements is enabled
A: show cdp

Q: The protocols used in transmitting VoIP traffic are ___, ___, and __.They operate at the following layers of the 5-layer TCP/IP model:
___: operates at the Network layer (Layer 3) and includes the source and destination IP addresses.
___: operates at the Transport layer (Layer 4) and describes the port numbers used for this transmission.
___: operates at the Session layer (Layer 5) and includes information designed to manage the digitized samples that follow in the packet.
A: IP, UDP, RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol)

Q: The _______ command creates a name to IP address mapping, thereby enabling the pinging of the device by address.
A: IP host
ip host [name] [ip] [mask]

Q: What are the three layers of the Cisco three-layer hierarchical model?
A: Access layer
Distribution layer
Core (backbone) layer

Q: Considering the Cisco three-layer hierarchical model, where are QoS and ACLs implemented?
A: The distribution layer.

Q: Considering the Cisco three-layer hierarchical model, redundant hardware components and Power over Ethernet (PoE) are characteristics of the______ layer. This is the layer where user devices are connected to the network. Layer 2 Port security is also implemented at this layer.
A: access

Q: Which Cisco IOS command is used to reset Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) traffic counters to zero?
A: clear cdp counters

Q: Which TCP packet header field contains the sequence number of the next byte of data that will be sent to the sender of the packet?
A: the Acknowledgement Number field

Q: Which Cisco IOS command is used to configure the frequency at which the Cisco IOS software sends Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) updates?
A: cdp timer

Q: Which routing metric enables a router to decide the best path through the network based on the maximum attainable throughput on a link?
A: bandwidth

Q: Which TCP port is used by the ICMP Echo feature to communicate network connectivity status messages for a target host?
A: TCP port 7

Q: Which type of ICMP message is generated when a router faces congestion at any of its interfaces?
A: ICMP Source Quench message

Q: What is the default CDP hold time?
A: 180 seconds

Q: Which TCP packet header field contains the control information used for connection establishment?
A: the Flags field

Q: What is the cause of jitters in the IP network?
A: network congestion

Q: What is the size of the Acknowledgement Number field in a TCP packet header?
A: 32 bits or 4 bytes

Q: Which TCP packet header field specifies the number assigned to the first byte of data in the message segment?
A: Sequence Number

Q: Which Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) feature allows CDP to include routing information in its periodic update messages to neighboring devices?
A: On-Demand Routing (ODR)

Q: Which routing metric enables a router to make a routing decision based on the extent to which a link is busy?
A: load

Q: Which Cisco IOS command is used to configure the amount of time the receiving Cisco device should hold a Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) packet from a neighboring router?
A: cdp holdtime

Q: Which ICMP message is sent by the router to the source host to use more efficient routing?
A: ICMP Redirect message

Q: What is the default interval used by Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) to send updates?
A: 60 seconds

Q: Which Cisco IOS command is used to clear the table that contains Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) information about neighboring devices?
A: clear cdp table

Q: Which multicast destination MAC address is used by Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) to make announcements?
A: 10.00.0c.cc.cc.cc

Q: What are the two types of delays that are also characteristics of real-time traffic?
A: fixed delay and variable delay

Q: What are three issues inherent to a converged network that can adversely affect voice and video traffic?
A: bandwidth, packet loss, and delays

Q: What is the maximum acceptable delay allowed between two voices packets?
A: 150 ms

Q: Which Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) packet header field specifies the maximum number of unacknowledged bytes allowed at any given point of time?
A: the Window field